Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Line an 8x8-inch baking pan with parchment paper, leaving overhang for easy removal.
In a medium bowl, combine graham cracker crumbs, sugar, and melted butter. Press mixture firmly into the bottom of the prepared pan. Bake for 10 minutes, then remove and let cool slightly.
In a large bowl, beat cream cheese until smooth. Add sweetened condensed milk and mix until fully incorporated.
Add egg yolks, lime zest, and lime juice. Mix until smooth and well combined.
Pour filling over the warm crust. Return to oven and bake for 20–25 minutes, or until edges are set but center still jiggles slightly.
Let bars cool completely at room temperature, then refrigerate for at least 2 hours before slicing.
Serve chilled, optionally topped with whipped cream or meringue.
Notes
For best results, use fresh key limes if available. Store covered in the refrigerator for up to 5 days.